Atualmente, são utilizados diversos processos para a geração de energia elétrica, como por exemplo: usinas hidrelétricas, termoelétricas, nucleares, eólicas, solares, entre outras. Também, neste atual cenário, podem-se ressaltar as usinas virtuais, pois estas são responsáveis por disponibilizar energia por meio de ações de eficiência energética. Portanto, este artigo apresenta o direcionamento a esta forma de geração de energia, a qual fica disponibilizada, por alguma ação de eficiência energética, para outro uso na sociedade. A usina virtual apresentada neste trabalho é baseada em pesquisas de ações de eficiências no sistema nacional de iluminação pública por meio do uso de lâmpadas com maior índice de eficiência e maior vida útil, o que permite a disponibilidade de energia a outros setores, reduzindo gastos quanto a investimentos e melhorando os níveis de tensões do sistema elétrico. Com isso, pode-se considerar como uma usina geradora de energia.

JORGE DE LIMA TOSTES, THIAGO OLIVEIRA COSTA, JOÃO VITOR DOS REIS ALVES, LAURO CORREA DOS SANTOS JUNIOR, PAULO DE LIMA TOSTES, CAROLINA GOMES, DIORGE DE SOUZA LIMA, WELLINGTON DA SILVA FONSECA, MARIA EMÍLIA DE LIMA TOSTES, UBIRATAN HOLANDA BEZERRA

In the search for strategies to mitigate climate change, the promotion of renewable energy is a major challenge worldwide, particularly for developing countries such as Brazil and Colombia, which aim to diversify their power grids by using unconventional renewable energy sources. One of the main obstacles is the development of innovative projects. Increasing oil palm cultivation in the Amazon region for the food and biodiesel industries is producing a large volume of biomass. The present study outlines a methodology for analysis of renewable energy projects based on identification of environmental, economic, and social sustainability criteria and indicators (C&I) for the oil palm production chain. This methodology was then used to develop a computer simulation model in the RETScreen® International software environment for financial viability and risk analysis.

ROSANA CAVALCANTE DE OLIVEIRA, ROGERIO DIOGNE DE SOUZA E SILVA, MARIA EMÍLIA DE LIMA TOSTES

Among the main problems faced in the context of electric mobility today, the management and monitoring of electric vehicle charging stations, the integration between the diverse types of technologies that make up its architecture, and its low scalability stand out. Therefore, we will present the implementation and complete integration of an electric vehicle charging system in an electric mobility pilot project being executed in the Amazon region in Brazil. Therefore, a literature review of related works will be presented, and its entire implementation will be addressed, from the charging infrastructure, through its back-end system and its Internet of things platform, to its front-end web system for monitoring charging stations. In addition, a complete prototype is created with a real testbed to verify the scalability of the implemented physical system. Based on the testbed evaluations performed, we observe that the implemented system performs well in receiving and sending data from up to 160 electric vehicle charging stations, achieving an average consumption of 26% for CPU and 95% for memory. In addition, it is important to mention that the deployed system supports horizontal scalability, enabling the connection of more charging stations and making it ideal for other integrated systems similar to ours. Based upon the main results obtained with the implemented system, the possibility of carrying out the management and monitoring of charging stations stands out; the integration of different technologies, from the back end and IoT middleware to its front end; a system that supports scalability, enabling the connection of more charging stations; and a reference architecture for charging station management and monitoring systems for the Amazon region.

ELEN LOBATO, LUCAS PRAZERES, IAGO MEDEIROS, FELIPE ARAÚJO, DENIS ROSÁRIO, EDUARDO CERQUEIRA, MARIA TOSTES MARIA TOSTES SCIPROFILESSCILITPREPRINTS.ORGGOOGLE SCHOLAR, UBIRATAN BEZERRA, WELLINGTON FONSECA, ANDRÉIA ANTLOGA

This paper proposes a new methodology based on the use of Resonance Index (RI) analysis as a posteriori decision-making procedure to check solutions of the optimization algorithm NSGA-II against resonance, when applied to the capacitor banks placement problem in radial distribution systems. Most of existing methodologies approach harmonic resonance in the referred problem through the inclusion of constraints in the optimization procedure with respect to the harmonic distortion indexes THD and IHD. However, monitoring only these two parameters is not sufficient to identify specific problems on capacitor banks due to harmonic resonance. To demonstrate this point, a RI analysis using the resonant chart was performed considering a 34-bus radial system. Also, the proposed a posteriori analysis is compared with the one that includes directly RI as a constraint in the optimization procedure, demonstrating that the proposed approach has a better performance with respect to computational time.

JOSE H.D. ONAKA, UBIRATAN H. BEZERRA, MARIA E.L. TOSTES, ÁTHILA S. LIMA

This paper focuses on supplying electrical power for remote communities of the Brazilian Amazon using regional biomass, specifically palm oil biomass, as a primary energy source. The use of Straight Vegetable Oil (SVO) as fuel, is indicated for isolated communities, where the hydro plants or the installation of transmissions line are impracticable. The use of vegetable oils produced in the communities, is a solution when an adequate infrastructure to extracting the oil is available. Brazil is able to use an enormous diversity of vegetable oils, due to a great variety of plants, and the favorable climatic conditions. Technical, economic, environmental and social aspects are analyzed in order to provide a basis for electrical power supply viability in these communities. A case study is presented focused on a typical Brazilian Amazon community located in the State of Pará in order to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed viability strategy.

ANA ROSA DUARTE, UBIRATAN HOLANDA BEZERRA, MARIA EMÍLIA DE LIMA TOSTES, ANDRÉ MONTENEGRO DUARTE, GERALDO NARCISO DA ROCHA FILHO

As Ações de Eficiência Energética (AEE) são elementos chaves na transição para um futuro sustentável, porém, anteriormente a sua implementação, análises das oportunidades de economia energética bem como da viabilidade da sua implementação tanto técnica quanto econômica devem ser desenvolvidas. O presente estudo desenvolve uma análise de engenharia EX-ANTE prévio ao plano de Medição e Verificação (M&V) no prédio da Biblioteca Central, localizado na Universidade Federal do Pará, e com operação em horários de ponta e fora ponta de acordo com a tarifa contratada pela instituição. Para o estudo, uma análise tarifária, estatística, técnica e econômica foi desenvolvida visando identificar todas as oportunidades de economia. Os resultados mostram o impacto que tem a operação no horário de ponta no retorno financeiro das AEE propostas.

JONATHAN MUÑOZ TABORA, VINICIUS BORGES ANDRADE, CLEYDSON MATOS LIMA, JAMILLY CRISTINA AZEVEDO DA SILVA, CARMINDA CÉLIA MOURA DE MOURA CARVALHO, MARIA EMÍLIA DE LIMA TOSTES, EDSON ORTIZ DE MATOS, UBIRATAN HOLANDA BEZERRA

This paper proposes an analytical methodology to allocate and size active power photovoltaic generation (PVG) units with embedded DC/AC inverter (PVGI) to be integrated as concentrated or dispersed generation in isolated medium voltage electrical grids. The methodology considers multiple objectives: improving the electrical grid voltage profile; reducing active power losses and the diesel generation participation. To validate the proposed methodology, the IEEE 33 and 69 buses networks and an isolated real electrical system were simulated. The results obtained demonstrated that the proposed methodology is effective in providing a solution with improvement in voltage profile, active power losses reduction, diesel generation participation reduction.

CLÁUDIO GONÇALVES, J. PAULO A. VIEIRA, DIONE J. A. VIEIRA, M. EMILIA L. TOSTES, BERNARD C. BERNARDES, UBIRATAN H. BEZERRA

in this letter, a methodology is proposed for automatically (and locally) obtaining the shape factor c for the gaussian basis functions, for each support domain, in order to increase numerical precision and mainly to avoid matrix inversion impossibilities. the concept of calibration function is introduced, which is used for obtaining c. the methodology developed was applied for a 2-d numerical experiment, which results are compared to analytical solution. this comparison revels that the results associated to the developed methodology are very close to the analytical solution for the entire bandwidth of the excitation pulse. the proposed methodology is called in this work local shape factor calibration method (lsfcm).

PÉRICLES L. MACHADO, RODRIGO M.S. DE OLIVEIRA, WASHINGTON C.B. SOUZA, RAMON C.F. ARAÚJO, MARIA E.L. TOSTES, CLÁUDIO GONÇALVES

Computer Numerical Control (CNC) is a technology made up of several blocks. Among these, lies the Trajectory Planning block, responsible for reference profile generation that are fed to position control loops. The need for Trajectory Planning arises from the mechanical constraints inherent to every plant to which CNC technology is applied. The machine’s operational limits myst be respected, in order to avoid several issues, such as: loss of precision, early wear of machine’s parts and excessive vibration. This paper proposes a novel smooth real-time trajectory generation setup based on an embedded system platform. A real-time snap and jerk bounded control algorithm is proposed, to achieve continuous and smooth feed motion in traditional Numeric Control code file, dealing both with straight lines and arcs. A local motion blending algorithm, applicable to the proposed method, is also presented. The developed algorithm was deployed to a BeagleBone Black, an embedded System-on-Chip, single board computer and tested in a prototype router machine. A comparison between the proposed method against the seven segments and trapezoidal acceleration methods is presented, both in terms of performance and of real-time computing viability. Simulation and Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method to generate velocity, acceleration, jerk and snap bounded three dimensional trajectories, reducing the RMS error in up to 8.2% and 22.38% when compared to the Seven Segments and to Trapezoidal Acceleration methods, respectively. Assessing the error area on straight angles, the proposed method produced error areas 24% and 80% smaller when compared to the Seven Segments and to Trapezoidal Acceleration methods, respectively.

PAULO AUGUSTO SHERRING DA ROCHA, WERBESTON DOUGLAS DE OLIVEIRA, MARIA EMÍLIA DE LIMA TOSTES

A popularização da aquisição de veículos elétricos amplificou-se consideravelmente nos últimos anos, acarretando uma maior necessidade de planejamento do setor elétrico. Desse modo, este artigo visa desenvolver uma metodologia para a análise dos impactos da recarga não controlada de veículos elétricos em redes de baixa tensão, por meio de simulações no software OpenDSS, desenvolvidas com base no método de Monte Carlo, em uma rede de distribuição do município de Belém/PA. Os resultados ressaltam que a inserção massiva não controlada de VE’s na rede de distribuição de baixa tensão pode ocasionar subtensão nas barras e sobrecarga de transformadores, sendo a metodologia apresentada neste artigo capaz de auxiliar na previsão do local em que os problemas ocorrerão.

GABRIEL HENRIQUE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA, LAURO CORREA DOS SANTOS JUNIOR, JOÃO VICTOR DOS REIS ALVES, MARIA EMÍLIA DE LIMA TOSTES, CARLOS EDUARDO MOREIRA RODRIGUES, KAIO HENRIQUE SINIMBU FORTE, GABRIEL AUGUSTO SILVA COUTO